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茄子黄萎病又叫半边疯、黑心病,是茄子生产中的主要病害,重病区发病率可达90%以上,减产40%左右。茄子黄萎病多发生在门茄座果后,症状一般自下而上或从一边向全株发展。发病初期叶尖处生有黄斑,后扩展至各个部位,病斑连片后形成黄褐色大型焦枯斑。这时如横切病株根、茎、分枝及叶柄,可见各部位维管束已呈褐色。同时病株果实变小,质地变硬。据有关资料记载,茄子黄萎病病菌随病残体在土中越冬,一般可存活6—8年。同时也能在种子内外越冬。在田间主要靠风、雨、灌溉水及农事操作等媒介传播。一般在气温22—26℃,地温20—25℃和温度较高的条件下发病重,久旱、高温发病轻。气温在28℃以上发病受到抑制,栽培管理不当,如肥力不足,灌水过多,定植过早,伤根多,土壤龟裂等,则会加重发病程度。
Eggplant Verticillium wilt, also known as half of the crazy, black heart disease, is the main disease in eggplant production, the incidence of severe ward up to 90%, cut 40%. Eggplant Verticillium wilt occurred in the door fruit, the symptoms generally bottom-up or from the side to the whole plant development. The early onset of acute yellow spots at the tip, then extended to all parts of the lesion contiguous formation of large brown spot blight. At this time, such as cross-cutting plant roots, stems, branches and petiole, showing that all parts of the vascular bundle has brown. At the same time, diseased plants become smaller and harder in texture. According to the records, Eggplant Verticillium wilt pathogen overwintering in the soil with the disease, the general survival of 6-8 years. At the same time, it can win the seeds both inside and outside. In the field mainly by wind, rain, irrigation water and agricultural operations and other media. Generally in the temperature of 22-26 ℃, temperature 20-25 ℃ and the incidence of severe conditions, a long drought, high temperature incidence of light. Temperatures above 28 ℃ in the incidence of inhibition, improper cultivation and management, such as lack of fertility, excessive irrigation, early planting, root injury and more, such as soil cracking, will increase the incidence.