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准确估算作物耗水量对于合理利用有限的水资源和制定合理的灌溉制度至关重要。本文利用3个生长季的西北地区日光温室番茄水量平衡计算耗水资料,率定和验证双作物系数模型SIMDual Kc在日光温室条件下的适用性。结果表明耗水模拟值与实测值有较好的一致性。模型估算的平均标准误差为0.55 mm·d-1,平均绝对误差为0.44 mm·d-1。模型估算的番茄初期、中期和后期的基础作物系数分别为0.50、0.85和0.55。番茄生育初期蒸发占耗水的比例最大为22.8%;发育期最小,仅为3.2%。3年全生育期总蒸发量占总耗水量的比例平均为5.9%,表明温室生产中植株蒸腾为耗水最主要部分。
Accurately estimating the water consumption of crops is crucial for the rational use of limited water resources and the development of a rational irrigation regime. In this paper, water consumption data were used to calculate the water consumption of tomato in solar greenhouse in the three growing seasons. The applicability of SIMDual Kc, a dual-crop coefficient model, was verified and validated under solar greenhouse conditions. The results show that the simulated water consumption and the measured values are in good agreement. The average standard error of the model estimation is 0.55 mm · d-1, and the average absolute error is 0.44 mm · d-1. The estimated primary crop coefficients of tomato in the early, middle and late stages were 0.50, 0.85 and 0.55, respectively. In the early stage of tomato growth, evaporation accounted for the largest proportion of water consumption was 22.8%; the smallest development period, only 3.2%. The average proportion of the total amount of water evaporation in the whole growth period of three years was 5.9%, indicating that the transpiration of plants in greenhouse production is the most important part of water consumption.