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油气田开发作业中要产生大量的废弃物,如废钻井液、钻井废水、采油(气)废水、废酸、废油和油泥等。日益严格的环保法规,对这些废弃物的排放提出了严格的要求。废钻井液包括废钻井液和钻屑。由于钻井液中含有无机盐(尤其是氯化物)、油类、重金属(如Cr、Ba、Zn等)和有机处理剂(如腐植酸),此外,还含有NaOH和Na_2CO_3等碱性物质,排入环境将造成污染。目前,废钻井液的处理方法主要有回用、土地耕作和填埋,也
Large amounts of wastes such as waste drilling fluid, drilling wastewater, oil and gas (gas) wastewater, spent acid, waste oil and sludge should be generated during the development of oil and gas fields. Increasingly stringent environmental laws and regulations, these emissions put forward stringent requirements. Waste drilling fluids include waste drilling fluids and drill cuttings. As the drilling fluid contains inorganic salts (especially chloride), oils, heavy metals (such as Cr, Ba, Zn, etc.) and organic treatment agents (such as humic acid), in addition, also contains alkaline substances such as NaOH and Na_2CO_3, Into the environment will cause pollution. At present, the main methods of disposal of waste drilling fluid are reuse, land cultivation and landfilling, too