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用5个籼型不育系和5个偏粳型恢复系，按NCⅡ没计，配制了25个杂交组合，对F1代籽粒的遗传和基因作用以及性状相关进行了研究。结果表明：长、宽、厚、长宽比、千粒重、稻粒比重都为不完全性；粒长、粒厚、千粒重、长宽比以加性效应为主，粒长和长宽比的加性效应较大，粒宽和稻粒比重以显性效应为主。各性状的狭义遗传力的顺序为：粒宽＞长宽比＞千粒重＞稻粒比重＞粒厚。粒长和长宽比、稻粒比重呈极显著正相关，千粒重和稻粒比重显著正相关。粒长对千粒重和稻粒比重的作用较大，选择高的千粒重和较大的稻粒比重时，相关性状的选择以粒长为主。
Five indica-type CMS lines and five japonica-type japonica restorer lines were used. According to NCⅡ, 25 hybrid combinations were prepared, and the genetic and gene effects and traits related to F1 were studied. The results showed that the length, breadth, thickness, aspect ratio, grain weight and rice grain weight were all incomplete. Grain length, grain thickness, grain weight and aspect ratio were mainly additive effect. The grain length and aspect ratio The larger the effect is, the bigger the grain width and the proportion of rice grains are dominated by the dominant effect. The narrow heritability of each trait in the order: grain width> aspect ratio> 1000-grain weight> grain weight> grain thickness. Grain length and aspect ratio, rice grain weight was extremely significant positive correlation, grain weight and rice grain weight was significantly positively correlated. The effects of grain length on the 1000-grain weight and rice grain weight were significant. The selection of the relevant traits was mainly grain-length when choosing the high 1000-grain weight and the larger proportion of the rice grain.