论文部分内容阅读
慢性咳嗽是儿童常见的就诊原因,迁延性细菌性支气管炎(PBB)作为儿童慢性湿性咳嗽的重要病因,近年来越来越受到儿科医生的重视。PBB为传导性气道的慢性细菌性感染,常见病原菌为未分型流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌及卡他莫拉菌。细菌在气道形成生物膜、黏膜纤毛清除功能减退、气道发育异常、免疫功能缺陷等因素常与本病形成相关。其主要症状包括痰咳、喘息以及喘鸣,肺部体征可有湿啰音及或哮鸣音。国际指南推荐抗生素治疗,2周的阿莫西林及克拉维酸能够使绝大多数PBB患儿咳嗽症状达到缓解。
Chronic cough is a common cause of pediatric visits. As a major cause of childhood chronic wet cough, persistent bacterial bronchitis (PBB) has drawn more and more attention from pediatricians in recent years. PBB is a chronic bacterial infection of the conductive airway. The common pathogens are non-typed Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Bacteria form biofilms in the airways, mucosal ciliary clearance decreased, airway dysplasia, immune dysfunction and other factors often associated with the formation of the disease. The main symptoms include sputum cough, wheezing and wheezing, lung signs may have wet rales and or wheeze. International guidelines recommend antibiotic treatment, 2 weeks of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid can make the most of the symptoms of cough in children with PBB eased.