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目的:应用电镜对支气管哮喘患者支气管粘膜进行观察,了解支气管病理形态学改变。方法:对持续咳嗽3～12个月的12例哮喘患者,1周内未使用类固醇、解痉平喘及抗组织胺类药物,行支气管镜常规检查,每例患者取2～3块病理组织行电镜检查。结果:电镜下观察早期哮喘患者已具备了哮喘病理形态学改变,并且还发现线粒体变性、粗面内质网(RER)扩张及髓磷体的出现和轻度钙过载。意义:即使是早期哮喘患者的病理形态学改变也与哮喘慢性炎症相一致,故应坚持抗炎治疗,治疗时间要在3～6个月,避免哮喘频繁或急性发作,保护肺功能。
Objective: To observe the bronchial mucosa of patients with bronchial asthma by electron microscope to understand the pathological changes of the bronchus. Methods: Twelve asthmatic patients who sustained coughing for 3 ~ 12 months were given steroid, antispasmodic and antihistamines within one week, and routine bronchoscopy was performed. Each patient took 2 ~ 3 pathological tissues under electron microscope an examination. RESULTS: Electron microscopic observation of early asthmatic patients already had histopathologic changes of asthma and also found mitochondrial degeneration, RER expansion, and the presence of myeloid and mild calcium overload. Significance: Even early pathological changes in patients with asthma consistent with chronic inflammation of asthma, it should adhere to anti-inflammatory treatment, the treatment time in 3 to 6 months, to avoid frequent or acute asthma attacks, protection of lung function.