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本文报道了一套改进的可用于80-400K温区内精密测定固体和液体物质热容的自动绝热量热装置,其中热异温控及电能测量实现了自动化,数据处理用电子计算机按自编程序完成。对量热计本体特別设计了“L”形、与内壁非接触、薄壁径向散热片及充氦附加装置,充分改善了量热容器内部的热平衡条件,有效地减小了容器表面的温度梯度。测定国际上通用的两种量热标准物质α-氧化铝和正庚烷的热容证实了该装置的可靠性;测试结果与美国标准局数据符合在±0.2％以内,测试精密度为±0.1％。
This paper reports an improved automatic adiabatic calorimeter that can be used to accurately measure the heat capacity of solid and liquid materials in the temperature range of 80-400K. The thermo-thermal control and power measurement are automatized, and the computer for data processing is self-compiled The procedure is completed. The body of the calorimeter specially designed “L” shape, non-contact with the inner wall, thin-walled radial heat sink and helium-filled additional devices, to fully improve the heat balance inside the calorimeter, effectively reducing the temperature on the surface of the container gradient. The determination of the heat capacities of α-alumina and n-heptane, two kinds of calorimetric materials commonly used in the world, confirmed the reliability of the device. The test results were within ± 0.2% of the data of the American Bureau of Standards and the test precision was ± 0.1% .