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流行性脑脊髓膜炎(简称流脑)是由脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌引起的一种严重危害人类健康的急性呼吸道传染病,具有发病急、流行广、病死率高及流行菌群变迁和耐药菌株引起流行等特点。中国过去是流脑发病率高的国家之一,在1959、1967、1977年曾出现三次全国大流行,主要以A群流行为主。从1985年为儿童普遍接种A群流脑疫苗以后,流脑发病率逐渐降低,但是至2001年4月底已有11个省的疫情上升,出现流脑局部暴发,而且近年来国内由C群引起的病例和局部流行时有报道,且病死
Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (hereinafter referred to as meningitis) is caused by Neisseria meningitidis a serious endanger human health acute respiratory disease, with the onset of acute, widespread, high mortality and epidemic flora changes and resistance Drug strains caused by epidemic and other characteristics. China used to be one of the countries with a high incidence of meningitis. In 1959, 1967 and 1977, three major national pandemics were reported, mainly in group A epidemics. Since 1985, the prevalence of meningitis has gradually decreased since the group A meningitis vaccine was widely administered to children, but by the end of April 2001, outbreaks have increased in 11 provinces, with meningococcal local outbreaks, and in recent years the domestic population has been affected by C Cases and local epidemic have been reported, and died