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南大西洋14°S热液区是由中国科研人员于2009年在大西洋中脊首次发现的。为进一步了解研究本区硫化物后期蚀变过程,我们利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及质谱仪(ICP-MS)等方法,对14°S热液区原生热液产物蚀变风化所形成的残余氧化物进行了超显微组构及稀土元素(REE)研究。结果显示,残余氧化物主要由无定形硅组成,结晶矿物种类少,结晶程度较差。热液成因的无定形硅在海水蚀变过程中,表现出溶解再沉淀的特征,易形成硅质盖层,有助于深部硫化物矿床的保存。原生热液产物遭受海水蚀变是一个富集REE的过程,表明表生环境下热液产物中稀土可较好地保存。
The 14 ° S hydrothermal zone of the South Atlantic was first discovered by Chinese researchers in the mid-Atlantic ridge in 2009. In order to further understand the post-alteration of sulfides in this area, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) The remnant oxides formed by the change of weathering were studied by super-microstructure and REE. The results show that the residual oxides are mainly composed of amorphous silicon, with few types of crystalline minerals and poor degree of crystallization. The hydrothermal amorphous silicon shows the characteristics of dissolution and reprecipitation during seawater alteration, and is easy to form a siliceous cap, which is helpful for the preservation of deep sulfide deposits. The seawater alteration of the primary hydrothermal product is a REE enrichment process, indicating that the rare earths in the hydrothermal products can be well conserved in epiken environments.