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土壤矿物的主要化学组成为磷、钾、钙、镁、硫、铁等元素,它们可以提供除氮素以外的各种作物营养元素。但由于矿物种类不同,化学成分有别,因而所提供的养分种类和数量也有差异。土壤中的母云、长石是含钾丰富的矿物,磷灰石、橄榄石、辉石等则是磷、硫、钙、镁等的来源。页岩中含有较多原生和次生矿物,由页岩风化物形成的土壤含养分就较多;而砂岩的构成主要是石英,所以砂岩风化物形成的土壤养分就少。
The main chemical composition of soil minerals is phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron and other elements, they can provide a variety of crop nutrients other than nitrogen. However, due to the different types of minerals, different chemical composition, which provide the type and quantity of nutrients are also different. The mother cloud in the soil, feldspar is rich in potassium minerals, apatite, olivine, pyroxene and phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, magnesium and other sources. Shale contains more primary and secondary minerals, formed by the shale weathering soil contains more nutrients; and the formation of sandstone is mainly quartz, so the formation of sandstone weathering nutrients less.