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目标辐射通过地球大气时将被衰减。若测量距离在100 m以内,且大气中含水量很少,则可忽略大气的影响。目标辐射通过光学系统时也将被衰减,这可用系数τ和接收波段来表征。若采用折反式光学系统,保护罩和探测器窗口材料均为硫化锌,则目标辐射中仅有2～14μm部分可到达探测器的敏感面。若目标辐射面积和仪器接收面积的线度远小于它们之间的距离,并且目标的象恰恰充满敏感面,考虑到窗口的影响、辐射能的调制、目标和敏感面的比辐射率ε_2、ε_1以及它们之间的辐射能交换,则敏感面接收的辐射能的有效值为
The target radiation will be attenuated as it passes through the earth’s atmosphere. If the measurement distance is less than 100 m, and the atmosphere has little water, the influence of the atmosphere can be neglected. The target radiation will also be attenuated as it passes through the optical system, which can be characterized by the factor τ and the receive band. If a transflective optical system is used, both the protective cover and the detector window material are zinc sulphide, only the 2-14 μm portion of the target radiation will reach the sensitive surface of the detector. If the target radiation area and the receiving area of the instrument is far less than the distance between them, and the target image just fills the sensitive surface, taking into account the influence of the window, the radiation modulation, the emissivity of the target and the sensitive surface ε_2, ε_1 And the exchange of radiation between them, the effective value of the radiation energy received by the sensitive surface is