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目的探讨肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)的神经肌电图特点及其临床价值。方法对23例ALS患者的神经肌电图检查结果进行总结分析。结果本组患者的肌电图检查结果均呈广泛神经源性损害改变,安静状态下检出纤颤电位19例、占82.6%,正相电位17例、占73.9%,束颤电位18例、占78.3%。当肌肉轻微收缩时,表现出运动单位电位时限延长,波幅增高等情况,有19例平均波幅增高、占82.6%,14例多相波增多,占60.9%;当大力收缩时,检出单纯相17例、占73.9%,混合相6例、占26.1%,出现巨大电位21例、占91.3%。有6例出现运动神经传导速度减慢,占26.1%;检出运动神经远端潜伏期延长5例,占21.7%。感觉神经传导速度的检测结果没有发现异常病例。结论肌萎缩侧索硬化患者的神经损害呈广泛性分布,其神经肌电图的异常改变具有明显的特异性。神经肌电图检查对于本病的诊断、鉴别诊断和病情判断等方面均具有重要作用。
Objective To investigate the characteristics and clinical value of amyloidosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods The results of neuromuscular examination in 23 patients with ALS were analyzed. Results The results of EMG examination showed extensive neurogenic lesions in 19 patients (82.6%) with quasi-fibrillation, positive in 17 cases (73.9%), and fibrillation potential in 18 cases Accounting for 78.3%. When the muscles slightly contracted, showing the extension of motor unit potential time, the increase in amplitude and so on, 19 cases of the average amplitude increased, accounting for 82.6%, 14 cases of polyphase waves increased, accounting for 60.9%; when strongly contracted, the detection of simple phase 17 cases, accounting for 73.9%, mixed phase in 6 cases, accounting for 26.1%, there were 21 cases of giant potential, accounting for 91.3%. There were 6 cases of motor nerve conduction slowed down, accounting for 26.1%; detection of motor nerve distal extension of 5 cases, accounting for 21.7%. Sensory nerve conduction velocity of the test results did not find abnormal cases. Conclusion Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients have extensive neurological damage distribution, abnormal changes of the electromyography has obvious specificity. Neuromuscular examination for the diagnosis of the disease, differential diagnosis and disease judgment plays an important role.