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198 1— 2 0 0 2年 ,中国GNP(国民生产总值 )累计比GDP(国内生产总值 )少10 2 13 .5亿元 ,平均每年少 464 .3亿元。两者差额在波动中逐步扩大。造成这一差额的主要因素是来自国外的初次分配收入净额为负值 ,特别是来自国外的投资收益大大低于支付给国外的投资收益。它反映了中国经济开放结构中的两个问题 :一是中国对外投资大大少于引进外资 ,因而中国国民从国外获得收入的途径、来源和外国国民从中国获得收入的途径、来源极不对称 ;二是在中国的外商投资企业的分配结构过于向外方倾斜 ,外商投资企业对中国GNP的贡献大大低于对GDP的贡献。
In 1982-1992, China’s GNP (gross national product) accumulated less than its GDP (gross domestic product) by 10.2135 billion yuan, an average of 46.43 billion yuan less per year. The balance between the two gradually expanded. The main factor contributing to this difference is that the net primary distribution income from abroad is negative, in particular, the return on investment from abroad is much lower than the return on investment paid abroad. It reflects two problems in the structure of China’s economic opening up. First, the source of China’s overseas investment is far less than that of foreign capital. Therefore, the source of Chinese nationals ’incomes from abroad and the sources of foreign nationals’ incomes from China are extremely asymmetrical. Second, the distribution structure of foreign-invested enterprises in China is too inclined to the outside world. The contribution of foreign-invested enterprises to China’s GNP is much lower than that of their contribution to GDP.