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本文对近十几年来同步泵浦波长可调谐染料激光（ＳＰＤＬ）理论研究的进展情况进行了综述。文中提出了在目前阶段归纳总结ＳＰＤＬ理论研究成果和进一步进行此项工作的意义。在首先介绍了染料分子的较精密的激光动力学模型之后，我们将对以往理论研究ＳＰＤＬ问题的三种主要方式进行详细的说明和比较。这三种方式分别为预选光脉冲包络的函数形式法，步进法和追踪法。虽然速率方程理论在绝大多数场合能够给出与实验定性吻合的结果。但在一些场合下，取半经典和密度矩阵模型对进行定量的计算是十分必要的。文中还叙述了最主要的十余种物理机制对各个激光脉冲参数的影响，并将某些理论计算与实验结果进行了比较。发现对使用强脉冲式泵浦源的ＳＰＤＬ的某些瞬态行为还有待进一步深入研究。
In this paper, the progress of theoretical research on the synchronous pump wavelength tunable dye laser (SPDL) in recent decades is reviewed. In this paper, the author summarizes the research achievements of SPDL theory and the significance of further carrying out this work in the current stage. After first introducing the more precise laser kinetic model of dye molecules, we will give a detailed description and comparison of the three main approaches to the theoretical study of SPDL in the past. These three methods are the formal function method, the step method and the tracing method of the preselected light pulse envelope respectively. Although the rate equation theory in most cases can give the qualitative agreement with the experimental results. However, on some occasions, it is necessary to take a semi-classical and density matrix model for quantitative calculation. The paper also describes the most important ten kinds of physical mechanism on the various laser pulse parameters, and some theoretical calculations and experimental results were compared. Some transient behaviors of SPDLs using a pulsed pulsed source have yet to be further explored.