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宋代东南地区的家禽饲养业堪称兴盛,主要表现在养鸡业已成为民间较为普遍的一种家庭副业;同时,在鹅、鸭的饲养方面也出现了大规模养殖的专业户。盛极一时的家禽饲养业满足了宋代社会饮食消费、民间风俗、市民娱乐生活等多层次的消费需求。其中,饮食消费上表现出一定的社会阶层的差异性:帝王官僚穷奢极侈,过着食不厌精、脍不厌细的生活;文人士大夫偏爱只鸡斗酒的待客之道;而普通民众的日常饮食生活中极少消费家禽,只在丰收之年或亲朋好友来访之时宰杀家禽。本文选择江南东路与两浙路为考察中心,以期弥补此类研究的不足。
The poultry raising industry in the southeast of Song Dynasty is booming, mainly manifested in that the chicken industry has become a popular family-owned subsidiary of the private sector. At the same time, large-scale breeding specialized households have emerged in the breeding of geese and ducks. The poultry breeding industry, which is very splendid, meets the multi-level consumer demand of social consumption, folk customs and entertainment of citizens in the Song Dynasty. Among them, the consumption of food shows a certain degree of social class differences: the imperial bureaucratic extravagant luxury, not eating too refined food, not subdued life; literati physicians prefer only chicken wine fighting hospitality; and ordinary people’s daily dietary life Poultry are rarely consumed, and poultry are slaughtered only during the harvest or when friends and relatives visit. This paper selects Jiangnan East Road and Liangzhe Road as the research center, in order to make up for the deficiency of such research.