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加入世界贸易组织对中国经济的各行各业而言都是一个巨大的机遇和挑战,对农业而言,则显得尤为突出。作为国民经济发展的命脉和基础,我国目前农业的承受力和竞争力都较弱,如何抓住“入世”这个机遇,促进农业的大发展则显得尤为重要。一、我国农业发展的固有制约因素1.耕地我国是世界最大的粮食生产国,长期以来,用占世界7%的耕地养活了占世界22%的人口而享有盛誉。然而,随着城市化和农村工业化的发展,我国的耕地被盲目扩展的城市、开发区和乡镇企业大量吞噬,耕地成为制约我国农产品剩余率和国际竞争力提高的主要因素之一。1994年,国家统计局在《形势·问题·对策——
The accession to the World Trade Organization represents a tremendous opportunity and challenge for all walks of life in the Chinese economy, and is particularly prominent for agriculture. As the lifeblood and foundation of the development of national economy, at present, the bearing capacity and competitiveness of agriculture in our country are weak. How to seize the opportunity of “joining WTO” and promote the great development of agriculture is particularly important. I. Inherent Constraints to China’s Agricultural Development 1. Cultivated land China is the world’s largest producer of grain and has long enjoyed a good reputation for its population of 22% of the world’s population with 7% of the world’s cultivated land. However, with the development of urbanization and rural industrialization, the cultivated land in our country is swallowed up by blindly expanding cities, development zones and township and village enterprises. Cultivated land has become one of the main factors restricting the improvement of the remaining rate of agricultural products and the international competitiveness of our country. In 1994, the National Bureau of Statistics on "Situation, Problems and Countermeasures -