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Objective:To detect the clinical relevance of mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) gene polymorphism and sepsis in Chinese lived in Hainan island.Methods:Blood samples from 57 patients with sepsis and 69 patients without sepsis were collected in the ICU of several large hospitals in Hainan province.Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood and then PCR purification product was sequenced and typed by 3730 sequencing analyzer.The concentration of MBL2 in serum was detected by ELISA.Results:We found that genotype and allele distributions in two groups were in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.The frequency of GA genotype was significantly higher than that in non-sepsis group (P=0.013).A allele frequency in sepsis group was also much higher than that in non-sepsis group (P=0.028).Logister regression analysis showed that the patients who carried A allele were more prone to get sepsis than G allele carrier (P=0.014,OR=2.550,95％CI=1.207-5.386).The MBL2 level in serum of sepsis patients with genotype GG and GA was significantly lower than that in non-sepsis group (P＜0.05).In sepsis group,the MBL2 serum level of patients with genotype GA was obviously lower than that in patients with genotype GG (P＜0.05).Conclusions:The variation of rsl800450 G→A increased the incidence of sepsis and decreased the level of MBL2 in serum.