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为长期有效监测桥墩基础冲刷作用,基于露出河床的布拉格光栅传感器(FBG传感器)的不同相对位置以及对水流力和结构弯曲的波长变化,提出了一种新的桥墩冲刷动态监测方法;详细介绍了其工作原理,并给出基于该工作原理的监测设计方案,同时介绍了监测设备的制作步骤和设备保护措施设计;按照所提出的监测原理以及监测设备,采用足尺试验模型于实验室水槽中进行基础冲刷模拟试验,模拟了监测冲刷和冲刷回填全过程。结果表明:通过对2次典型试验工况结果的数据分析,证明FBG传感器可实现长期实时监测桥墩冲刷发展和冲刷后河床回填的全过程,为今后实际工程中的桥墩基础冲刷长期实时监测提供理论依据;该监测设备耐久性高,数据准确稳定,不受外界因素(如极端天气)干扰,具备良好的野外应用可行性与优越性。
In order to effectively monitor the scouring effect of pier foundation for a long time, a new dynamic monitoring method for pier scouring is proposed based on the relative positions of FBG sensors (FBG sensors) out of the riverbed and the wavelength variations of water flow and structural bending. Its working principle, and gives the monitoring design scheme based on the working principle. At the same time, it introduces the manufacturing steps of the monitoring equipment and the design of equipment protection measures. According to the proposed monitoring principle and monitoring equipment, full-scale test model in the laboratory sink The basic scouring simulation test was conducted to simulate the whole process of scouring and scour backfilling. The results show that the FBG sensor can realize the whole process of long-term and real-time monitoring of the scouring and development of piers and the backfilling of scouring beds by the data analysis of the results of two typical test conditions and provide the theory for the long-term real-time monitoring of pier scouring in the actual project in the future Based on the high durability of the monitoring equipment, accurate and stable data, free from external factors (such as extreme weather) interference, with good feasibility and superior field applications.