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关于司马迁的生年问题,归纳起来有两种不同意见:一是王国维(即王静安)为代表的看法,认为司马迁应是生于公元前145年即汉景帝中元五年,一是李长之为代表的看法,认为司马迁应是生于公元前135年,即汉武帝建元六年。 在认定司马迁生年的问题上,一般人认为根据只有《太史公自序》中的两条注释:一条是唐代司马贞的《索隐》,从中可以推出司马迁生于汉武帝建元六年,即公元前135年;另一条是唐代张守节的《正义》,据说又能从中推出司马迁生于汉景帝中元五年,即公元前145年。 王国维的《太史公行年考》,就是根据对《正义》的理解,给司马迁的生年作了结论的,而李长之的《司马迁生年为建元六年辨》,则是通过对《索隐》和《正义》两者进行比较辨析之后,拿出十条持之有故、顺理成章的证据,最后才得出结论的,因此,是比较科学可信的。
On Sima Qian’s year of birth, there are two different opinions: First, Wang Guowei (Wang Jingan) as the representative of the view that Sima Qian should be born in 145 BC Emperor Han King five years, one is Li Changzhi The representative of the view that Sima Qian should be born in 135 BC, the Han Emperor Wu Jian six years. On the issue of determining the year of Sima Qian’s life, most people think that according to two notes in “Taishonggong’s Preface,” one is Sima Zhen’s “Suoc Yin” in the Tang Dynasty, from which Sima Qian was born in the year of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty The first 135 years; the other is the “Justice” of the Tang Festival, which is said to have been released from Sima Qian was born in Han Jingdi five years, that is, 145 BC. According to Wang Guowei’s “Year of History Publications Examination”, it is based on the understanding of “justice” to Sima Qian’s year of concluding, and Li Changzhi’s “Sima Qian Sheng Year for the construction of six-year identification” is through “ ”And“ justice ”after a comparative analysis of discrimination, come up with ten of the evidence, logical and conclusive conclusions, and therefore, is more scientific and credible.