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目的分析泉州市乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)的流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对泉州市2005—2014年乙肝发病资料进行分析。结果泉州市10年间累计报告乙肝病例67 942例,年发病率85.28/10万,总体呈现先升后降趋势。12个区县均有病例报告,泉港区、惠安县和丰泽区发病率居前3位;报告病例20~49岁占73.1%,高峰在20~39岁(57.9%),<15岁儿童发病数占1.5%;性别比2.5∶1;职业以农民(27.9%)和工人(13.8%)为主。3个省级监测市/县2013—2014年乙肝报告发病率较2005—2012年下降了42.5%,未监测县下降2.9%。结论泉州市乙肝报告病例虽有下降,但仍处甲乙类传染病第1、2位,应提高乙肝报告诊断质量,加强健康教育,开展高危人群乙肝疫苗接种,以进一步降低发病率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Quanzhou and provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of hepatitis B in Quanzhou from 2005 to 2014. Results In the past 10 years, 67 942 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Quanzhou. The annual incidence rate was 85.28 / 100 000, showing an overall trend of first increasing and then decreasing. 12 districts and counties have case reports, the highest incidence of Quangang District, Hui’an County and Fortress District, the top three; reported cases of 20 to 49 years accounted for 73.1%, peaked at 20 to 39 years old (57.9%), <15 years The incidence of children accounted for 1.5%; sex ratio 2.5: 1; occupation to farmers (27.9%) and workers (13.8%) based. The incidence of hepatitis B reported by 3 provincial-level monitoring cities / counties in 2013-2014 decreased by 42.5% from 2005-2012 and decreased by 2.9% in unmonitored counties. Conclusions Despite the decline in reported cases of hepatitis B in Quanzhou, they are still in the first and second place of Class A and B infectious diseases. The diagnosis of hepatitis B should be improved, health education should be strengthened, and hepatitis B vaccination should be conducted in high-risk groups to further reduce the incidence.