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自从二十多年前马来西亚独立以来,马来西亚的橡胶生产无论在社会或经济方面,都经历了一场重大而深远的结构性变革。这种变革正是政策对变化中的世界天然橡胶出口市场条件的反应的结果。这个变革恰好与政治上向独立和议会政府的过渡同时发生。自五十年代中期起,政府的政策对此变革作出了反应,解除了早期对扩种新胶园的许多行政管制。随即产生的企业主精神的复甦,导致了高产胶树的大面积翻种和扩种。这种与日俱增的技术革新的普及浪潮,带来了边际种植园企业的解体,而同期农民参与种植橡胶的扩大,却补偿了这种企业解体而有余。尽管世界橡胶市场出现周期性的价格
Since Malaysia became independent more than two decades ago, rubber production in Malaysia has undergone a significant and far-reaching structural change both in social and economic terms. This change is the result of the policy’s reaction to the changing market conditions for the world’s natural rubber exports. This change happens to coincide with the political transition to independence and parliamentary government. Since the mid-1950s, government policies have responded to this change, lifting many of the early administrative controls over the expansion of new rubber plantations. The ensuing revival of the entrepreneurial spirit led to the large-scale shrub-planting and expansion of high-yielding gum trees. This ever-increasing wave of technological innovations has brought about the dissolution of marginal plantation enterprises, while the expansion of farmers’ participation in plantation rubber over the same period has compensated for the disintegration of such enterprises. Despite the cyclical world rubber market prices