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在福建省惠安县靠海的东部七个乡镇(崇武城内除外),长期至今盛行长住娘家习俗,即:新婚的第四天新娘回娘家,当天晚上到夫家,翌日再回娘家,当天晚上返夫家,翌日又回娘家。几天后的一个双数日再去夫家,翌日又是回娘家。此后长住娘家,逢年过节和农忙时才到夫家一二天。每次回娘家都在凌晨不辞而别,悄然离去。直到快生孩子才长住入夫家。对于惠东这一特异风俗的起源,从本世纪30年代以来,学术界见解纷呈。主要有“母系制到父系制过渡期的遗俗”说,“(闽越后裔)从妻居向(汉民)从夫居转变”说,“两性分工”说。青年学者蓝达居博士中肯指出:前二说“借助一般假说,并加上直觉想象力”,“从而失之偏颇和谬误”;后一说将可能性续因与起因混淆。本文运用笔者的实地调访资料,结合有关文献资料,以实证的科学方法,对惠东长住娘家习俗做历史透视,解释其起源。
In the east of Hui’an County, Fujian Province, seven townships (except Chongwu City) rely on the sea for a long time and have long enjoyed the customary practice of living in her natal mansion. Namely: on the fourth day of her wedding, her bride returns to her parents’ home and goes back to her parents the same day, Return to his husband at night, the next day back to her parents. A few days later, a double number go to husband’s house, the next day is back to her parents. Since then live in her parents’ home, festivals and busy before going to his husband one or two days. Each back to her home in the early morning without leaving, quietly leave. Until the child was born quickly into the husband’s home. For Huidong, the origin of this particular custom, from the 30s of this century, the academic community has numerous opinions. Mainly “the matriarchal transition to the patriarchal family of the secular” said, “” (Fujian and Vietnam descendants) from wife to the (Han) change from husband to husband, “said” gender division of labor, “said. The young scholar Dr Leda Jurgen pointed out in a concise manner that the first two said ”with the help of general hypotheses and intuitive intuition“, ”thus losing their bias and fallacy"; the latter remark confused the sequel to the cause of possibility. This article uses the author’s field visit data, combined with the relevant literature, with empirical scientific methods, to do a historical perspective on the customary practice of Huidong’s parents to explain their origin.