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物理奖该项奖金授予西德慕尼黑普朗克研究所的固体物理学家克里钦(Klaus von Klitzing),以表彰他在“量子霍尔效应”研究中所取得的巨大成就。克里钦的成就将普朗克的量子论工作带入“微片”的年代。早在5年前他在符茨堡大学时就开始了二维电子气体的研究工作。产生二维电子气体要求一种金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)。他特别对测量MOSFET中二维电子层的霍尔效应感兴趣。他发现,霍尔电阻只能取少量的值,每一值与电阻的表观基本值有关。他还意外地发现,电阻值完全与随实验条件而变化的量值无关。霍尔电阻
Physics Prize The prize was awarded to Klaus von Klitzing, a solid physicist at the Planck Institute in West Germany, in honor of his great achievements in the study of “quantum Hall effect.” Kliqin's achievements brought Planck's quantum theory into the “microchip” era. He started his research work on two-dimensional electron gas as early as five years ago at the University of Würzburg. Generating 2D electron gas requires a MOSFET. He is particularly interested in measuring the Hall effect of two-dimensional electron layers in MOSFETs. He found that the Hall resistance can only take a small amount of value, each value is related to the apparent base resistance value. He also surprised to find that the resistance value is completely independent of the amount of change depending on the experimental conditions. Hall resistance