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目的探讨鞍山市某三级综合医院就诊患者中死亡病例的具体情况,找出影响病人生存的主要因素,为生命质量的提高、疾病的预防控制及医疗机构的管理工作提供依据。方法依据国际疾病分类标准(ICD-10),收集该医院2006-2012年的死亡病例资料,从性别、死因、年龄组、死亡地点、婚姻状况几方面进行分析。结果男性死亡人数明显高于女性。死亡原因前五位分别是:心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、损伤与中毒、呼吸系统疾病。死亡病例中婚姻状况以已婚和丧偶者为多,丧偶病例死亡人数呈波浪式上升趋势。死亡地点大多在医院病房,但是在家中死亡人数呈波浪式上升趋势。结论 7年内主要死因为慢性非传染性疾病、损伤与中毒,男性死亡比例连续多年多于女性,提示医院和社会应开展和加强相关工作,减少可避免的死亡,提高居民生命质量。
Objective To investigate the specific cases of deaths among patients in a tertiary general hospital in Anshan and to find out the main factors affecting the survival of patients and provide the basis for the improvement of life quality, disease prevention and control and the management of medical institutions. Methods According to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), data on deaths of the hospital from 2006 to 2012 were collected and analyzed according to gender, cause of death, age group, place of death and marital status. Results The number of male deaths was significantly higher than that of women. The top five causes of death are: cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, cancer, injury and poisoning, and respiratory diseases. Among the deaths, marital status was higher in married and widowed, and the death toll in widowed whales increased in a wave. Most of the deaths were in hospital wards, but the number of deaths at home showed a wave-like rise. Conclusions The main cause of death in 7 years is chronic non-communicable diseases, injuries and poisoning. The proportion of male deaths is continuously higher than that of women for many years, suggesting that hospitals and society should carry out and strengthen relevant work to reduce avoidable deaths and improve the quality of life of residents.