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据調查,若干新建鉄路給水站在投入运营后不久,就出現水塔容量不足的現象。这就不得不令人怀疑現行水塔容量計算公式中所規定的貯备水系数α值的正确性。我們知道,水塔应保証下列三种情况下的安全供水:①調济不均匀时的用水量;②給水所水泵停止工作时的用水量;③消防时必需的备用水量。目前我国鉄路設計单位都釆用下式計算水塔的容量: W=αQ_(昼夜)+βQ_(泊防) (1) 式中:W——水塔容量,米~3; Q_(昼夜)——給水站昼夜最大用水量,包括列車用水量Q_(列車)和生活用水量Q_(生活)的全部用水量在內,米~3; α——貯备水系数,按技規第375条的規定,釆用下列数值: 当Q_(昼夜)<1000米~3/昼夜时,α≥1/5=0.200, 当Q_(昼夜)=1000～2000米~2/昼夜时,α≥1/7=0.143, 当Q_(昼夜)=2000～3000米~3/昼夜时,α≥1/9=0.111, 当Q_(昼夜)>3000米~3/昼夜时,α≥1/10
According to the survey, shortly after the new water supply stations at the new Yinglu Road were put into operation, the capacity of the water towers was insufficient. This has led to doubts as to the correctness of the value of α for the reserve water coefficient as stipulated in the calculation formula of the current water tower capacity. We know that the water tower should ensure safe water supply under the following three conditions: (1) water consumption when the economy is uneven; (2) water consumption when the water supply pump stops working; (3) the amount of standby water necessary for fire fighting. At present, the design units of our roads in Anhui all use the following formula to calculate the capacity of the water tower: W=αQ_(day/night)+βQ_(bofang) (1) Where: W—water tower capacity, m~3; Q_(day and night)—water supply The maximum amount of water used for the day and night, including the total water consumption of the train water consumption Q_ (train) and domestic water consumption Q_ (life), m ~ 3; α - the reserve water coefficient, in accordance with Article 375 of the Technical Regulations, The following values are used: When Q_(day/night)<1000m~3/day, α≥1/5=0.200, when Q_(day/night)=1000~2000m~2/day, α≥1/7=0.143 When Q_(day/night)=2000~3000m~3/day/night, α≥1/9=0.111, when Q_(day/night)> 3000m~3/day/night, α≥1/10