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今年是相对论诞生100周年,100年前相对论所阐发的时空相对性原理彻底颠覆了人类有史以来的绝对时空观。如此石破天惊的理论是凭空而来的吗?不是,它既是物理学矛盾聚集已久的结果,也是前人研究成果的结晶和升华。相对论究竟给我们带来了什么样的启发?它为什么说光速是不变的?“钟慢尺缩”效应是如何发生的?即使过去了100年,相对论以其强烈的思辨色彩仍让我们这些处于日常经验世界的人们如坠云里雾里。本期专题试图通过回顾相对论诞生的来龙去脉,解开其中的种种谜团,给读者一个清晰明确的相对论图景。并且,在下期专题中,我们还要继续推出《时空革命100年(下)·相对论之后》,将阐述如下内容:相对论后来遭遇了什么样的困境?爱因斯坦为什么强烈反对量子力学?新的物理学蓝图在哪里?
This year is the 100th anniversary of the birth of relativity. The theory of the relativity of space and time explained by the theory of relativity 100 years ago completely subverted the absolute view of space and time in human history. Is such an astonishing theory coming out of thin air? No, it is not only the result of long-standing physics contradictions, but also the crystallization and sublimation of previous research results. What kind of enlightenment does the theory of relativity bring to us? Why does it say that the speed of light is constant? How does the effect of the “slow bell” effect occur? Even if 100 years have passed, the theory of relativity has given rise to its strong speculative color. Those of us who are in the daily experience of the world are in the fog. This issue aims to review the ins and outs of relativity, unravel the mysteries and give readers a clear and relativistic picture. Moreover, in the next issue, we will continue to launch “100 years of the space-time revolution (below), after the theory of relativity” and will elaborate on the following: What kind of predicament did the theory of relativity later experience? Why does Einstein strongly oppose quantum mechanics? New. Where is the physics blueprint?