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找出了用于乙炔气相水合制乙醛流化床工艺的Z-7锌系催化剂,考察了水蒸汽-乙炔比例、反应温度、原料气总空速对于乙炔单程转化率和产率的影响。在常压和390～400°,水蒸汽对乙炔比例为4:1,乙炔空速300小时~(-1),原料气线速～0.1米/秒的流化床反应条件下,乙炔单程转化率36～40％达200小时,乙醛的产率为80～82％,巴豆醛的产率为8～12％;催化剂失活之后可在500°左右通空气和水蒸汽再生,每10毫升催化剂的生产能力为每小时1.9克的乙醛和0.22克的巴豆醛。比较了Z-7锌系催化剂、磷酸镉钙催化剂和液相汞法的优缺点。结果表明Z-7锌系催化剂有明显的优越性。讨论了催化反应机理和催化剂的活性中心本质。
The Z-7 zinc catalyst for gas-phase hydration of acetylene gas hydrate to acetaldehyde was found out. The effects of steam-acetylene ratio, reaction temperature and total feed gas space velocity on the conversion and yield of acetylene were investigated. Under the conditions of fluidized bed reaction of atmospheric pressure and 390-400 ° C, steam to acetylene ratio of 4: 1, acetylene space velocity of 300 hours -1, feed gas velocity of 0.1 m / s, The yield of acetaldehyde is 80-82%, the yield of crotonaldehyde is 8-12%; the deactivation of the catalyst can be followed by the regeneration of air and steam at about 500 ° C, with the rate of 36-40% The catalyst capacity was 1.9 grams of acetaldehyde and 0.22 grams of crotonaldehyde per hour. The advantages and disadvantages of Z-7 zinc-based catalyst, cadmium calcium phosphate catalyst and liquid-phase mercury method were compared. The results show that Z-7 zinc catalyst has obvious advantages. The catalytic reaction mechanism and the active center of the catalyst are discussed.