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以奉节县的27个乡镇为研究区,借助ArcGIS,openGeoDa空间统计分析软件等软件,选取7个能表征耕地细碎化的景观指数,结合主成分分析方法和空间自相关分析法,综合测算耕地细碎化和耕地分布的空间自相关程度,分析了三峡库区腹地奉节县27个乡镇2012年耕地细碎化特征。结果表明:1)耕地细碎化综合指标反映北部乡镇耕地细碎化程度要比南部乡镇低,最严重的是庙湾,其次是尖角、五马、九树、吐祥等乡镇,而耕地分布最为集中的是康坪、三江;2)耕地细碎化度在研究区既局部集聚显著,表现出空间正相关,同时局部离散显著,又具有较强的空间负相关;3)研究区耕地细碎化度表现出较为明显的空间分异格局,呈高-高关联型有青龙、五马、杨坪、新治等4个乡镇,是局部高值集聚类型;高-低关联型是安坪,属局部高值离散类型;低-低关联型有三江、黄井2个乡镇,属局部低值集聚类型。研究结果对转变三峡库区腹地耕地利用方式、优化耕地利用结构、提高耕地利用效率从而促进当地农业生产、确保农业产出及保障库区粮食安全具有重要意义。
Taking 27 villages and towns of Fengjie County as the research area, seven softwares, such as ArcGIS and openGeoDa spatial statistical analysis software, were selected to characterize the fragmented landscape index of cultivated land, and combined with principal component analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis, The degree of spatial autocorrelation of cultivated land and the spatial distribution of cultivated land in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. The characteristics of cultivated land fragmentation in 2012 in Fengjie County, the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, were analyzed. The results showed as follows: 1) The comprehensive index of cultivated land fragmentation reflected that the fragmentation of cultivated land in northern townships was lower than that in southern townships. The most serious ones were Miaowan, followed by townships such as Jian Kok, Wu Ma, Jiu Shu, Tu Xiang and so on. Concentration of Kangping and Sanjiang; 2) The degree of fragmentation of cultivated land is not only locally concentrated in the study area, but also shows a positive spatial correlation, with significant local dispersion and strong spatial negative correlation; 3) Which showed a pattern of spatial heterogeneity. High-high correlations included four townships, Qinglong, Wuma, Yangping, and Xinzhi, which were local high-value agglomeration types. The high-low correlation type was Ping, Value discrete type; low-low associated with Sanjiang, Huangjing 2 townships, is a local low value agglomeration type. The research results are of great significance to change the ways of arable land utilization in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir, optimize the structure of arable land utilization, improve the efficiency of arable land utilization, promote local agricultural production, ensure agricultural output and ensure food security in the reservoir area.