关于雅典在伯罗奔尼撒战争中失败原因的思考

• 作 者: 赵英
• 机 构: 内蒙古民族大学马克思主义学院,
• 出 处: 山西青年
• 发表日期: 2016年12期
• 关键词: 伯罗奔尼撒战争 雅典失败 斯巴达

伯罗奔尼撒战争是古希腊城邦间的一场大混战,是古希腊由盛而衰的转折点。政治、经济、军事和外交占优势的雅典是有可能战胜处于劣势的斯巴达的,但雅典最终败于斯巴达。导致雅典失败的原因是多方面的,如民主政体自身的弊端;经济基础的脆弱;战略和战术的失误等。除上述内部原因外,导致雅典失败的还有外部因素,如波斯对斯巴达的援助和疾病瘟疫的流行等。总之,雅典在伯罗奔尼撒战争中的失败是不同因素共同作用的结果,通过对以上原因的分析就能够对雅典在伯罗奔尼撒战争中失败原因得出更加全面深入的认识。

The Peloponnesian War was a big melee between ancient Greek cities and states and a turning point for the decline and prosperity of ancient Greece. Athens, the political, economic, military and diplomatic dominance, is likely to beat Sparta, which is at a disadvantage, but eventually defeated Sparta in Athens. The reasons that led to the failure of Athens are manifold, such as the disadvantages of the democratic government itself, the fragility of the economic base, the mistakes of strategy and tactics, and so on. In addition to the above internal reasons, there are external factors that led to the failure of Athens, such as Persia’s aid to Sparta and the epidemic of disease plague. In short, the failure of Athens in the Peloponnesian War was the result of the combination of different factors. By analyzing the above reasons, a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the reasons for the defeat of Athens in the Peloponnesian War can be drawn.