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本篇评论旨在为妇科学家提供新的人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染、自然发展以及改变目标组织后的结果等方面的信息;强调疫苗既是预防的工具又是必要的治疗方法,并对目前的进展进行了报道。最新发现HPV感染通常比较短暂,且有自发的可逆性;HPV的持续高风险是几种组织癌变的主要原因。研究已证实预防性疫苗对抗肛门生殖器损伤相关的几种类型的HPV生成具有显著功效,而能够治愈某些预先存在的损伤的治疗性疫苗亦已被研制成功。未来几年,预防性和治疗性HPV疫苗将有可能改变HPV相关疾病筛查和治疗的方法;青少年群体的大规模接种可减少这些常见的致命性感染的发生。
The purpose of this review is to provide gynecologists with information on new human papilloma virus (HPV) infections, their natural development, and the consequences of changing their target tissues. Emphasis is placed on the use of vaccines as both a preventative and a curative treatment The current progress has been reported. Recent findings of HPV infection are often transient with spontaneous reversibility; persistent high risk of HPV is a major cause of cancer in several tissues. Studies have demonstrated that vaccines have significant efficacy against several types of HPV production associated with anal genital lesions and that therapeutic vaccines that can cure some of the pre-existing lesions have also been developed. In the coming years, prophylactic and therapeutic HPV vaccines will likely alter the screening and treatment of HPV-related diseases; large-scale vaccination among adolescents will reduce the incidence of these common, fatal infections.