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【目的】了解陕西省目前的出生缺陷发生水平及流行特征,为进一步探讨影响该省出生缺陷发生的危险因素提供科学依据。【方法】按照中国出生缺陷监测方案,对2010年度陕西省25家监测医院出生的孕28周至生后7d所有围产儿进行出生缺陷监测,采用Excel 2003软件进行数据录入,SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析。【结果】2010年陕西省医院监测的出生缺陷发生率为124.1/万,前五位出生缺陷依次为:先天性心脏病(16.4/万)、总唇裂(13.3/万)、神经管缺陷(13.1/万)、多指(趾)(11.3/万)、脑积水(5.1/万)。农村的出生缺陷发生率高于城镇(χ2=8.58,P<0.01)。出生缺陷发生率无性别分布差异。母亲年龄≥35岁的缺陷发生率最高(170.5/万)。双胎及以上的围产儿缺陷发生率明显高于单胎儿。【结论】陕西省2010年出生缺陷发生率低于全国同期水平,该省出生缺陷的分布具有明显的城乡、母亲年龄及胎数差异。政府部门应重视神经管缺陷在农村地区的一级预防工作,并针对高龄及多胎妊娠产妇采取有效预防措施。
【Objective】 To understand the prevalence and prevalence of birth defects in Shaanxi Province and provide a scientific basis for further exploring the risk factors that may affect birth defects in this province. 【Method】 According to the Chinese birth defect monitoring program, all perinatal babies born at 25 monitoring hospitals in Shaanxi Province during the 28 weeks of pregnancy to 7 days after birth were monitored for birth defects. Data were entered using Excel 2003 software and SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis . 【Results】 The incidence of birth defects monitored by Shaanxi Provincial Hospital in 2010 was 124.1 / 000. The top five birth defects were congenital heart disease (16.4%), total cleft lip (13.3%), neural tube defects (13.1% / Million), more fingers (toe) (11.3 / million), hydrocephalus (5.1 / million). The incidence of birth defects in rural areas than in urban areas (χ2 = 8.58, P <0.01). The incidence of birth defects without gender differences. The incidence of defects in mothers ≥35 years old was the highest (170.5 / million). Twins and above the incidence of perinatal defects was significantly higher than the single fetus. 【Conclusion】 The incidence of birth defects in Shaanxi Province in 2010 was lower than that of the same period of the whole country. The distribution of birth defects in Shaanxi Province had obvious differences in urban and rural areas, mother’s age and number of births. Government departments should pay attention to primary prevention of neural tube defects in rural areas and take effective preventive measures against elderly and multiple pregnant women.