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[目的]研究复合酶添加对牛粪堆肥组分的变化。[方法]试验设置2.0%酶处理组、1.5%酶处理组和对照组,对牛粪堆肥期间的温度、水分、pH值、粗纤维、总有机碳(TOC)、全氮(TN)和发芽指数(GI)进行分析。堆肥含水量测定采用烘干法;粗纤维测定采用酸碱法(以风干物料中的含量来计算);总有机碳测定采用重铬酸钾容量法;全氮测定采用凯氏定氮法;pH值用S-3C型pH计测定,测定溶液为1:5固液比的浸提滤液;GI测定是将上述滤液10 ml置于垫有滤纸的培养皿中,同时设置空白对照(蒸馏水),每个培养皿内放10粒饱满的小青菜种子,然后将其置于30℃培养箱中培养,48 h后测定发芽率和根长,计算发芽指数(GI)。[结果]添加复合酶牛粪堆肥可加速堆肥前期有机物的降解。堆肥期间,2.0%酶处理组、1.5%酶处理组和对照组的粗纤维降幅分别为49.6%、47.0%和29.1%,TOC降幅分别为41.7%、35.3%和21.1%,全氮降幅(前21 d)分别为32.6%、26.8%和19.2%。2.0%酶处理组和1.5%酶处理组堆肥30 d可达到基本腐熟的程度。[结论]复合酶的添加缩短了堆肥周期,有利于牛粪堆肥的腐熟。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the changes of composition of cattle manure with compound enzyme. [Method] The 2.0% enzyme treatment group, 1.5% enzyme treatment group and control group were set up. The effects of temperature, water content, pH, crude fiber, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen Index (GI) for analysis. Determination of moisture content of compost using drying method; crude fiber determination using acid-base method (to air-dried material content to calculate); total organic carbon determination using potassium dichromate capacity method; determination of total nitrogen by Kjeldahl method; pH Value was measured with a S-3C pH meter and the solution was determined to be a 1: 5 solid-to-liquid ratio leachate. GI was determined by placing 10 ml of the filtrate in a petri dish with filter paper and setting a blank control (distilled water) Each dish was placed 10 full of small cabbage seeds, and then placed in a 30 ℃ incubator culture, 48 h after the determination of germination rate and root length, calculate the germination index (GI). [Result] Adding compound enzyme cow dung compost could accelerate the degradation of organic matter in early composting stage. During composting, the crude fiber decreases in the 2.0% enzyme treatment group, 1.5% enzyme treatment group and the control group were 49.6%, 47.0% and 29.1%, respectively, and the TOC decreases were 41.7%, 35.3% and 21.1% 21 d) were 32.6%, 26.8% and 19.2% respectively. 2.0% enzyme treatment group and 1.5% enzyme treatment compost 30 d can reach the basic degree of maturity. [Conclusion] The addition of compound enzyme shortens the composting cycle and is conducive to the composting of cow dung.