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低序级断层的正确识别,对油田开发后期落实剩余油分布、解决注采矛盾具有重要意义.本文首先使用高阶交错网格有限差分法对声波方程进行离散求解,对于吸收边界的处理采用完全匹配层(PML)技术,实现了对地震波传播的模拟.借助叠前深度偏移技术,从低序级断层的产状特征、地震资料频带及信噪比等因素入手,设计断层模型,利用声波方程模拟低序级断层的波场,经过叠前深度偏移处理,探讨低序级断层在偏移剖面及切片上的表现规律,得出在不同资料质量以及不同地质情况下,所能够识别的断层极限.研究成果对低序级断层的正确判别、提高断层检测方法的可信度具有重要意义.
The correct identification of low-order faults is of great significance to the implementation of the residual oil distribution and the solution of the contradiction between injection and production in the late stage of oilfield development.In this paper, the high-order staggered-grid finite difference method is used to solve the acoustic equation discretely and the absorption boundary is treated completely (PML) technology to simulate the seismic wave propagation.With prestack depth migration technology, starting from low-grade fault occurrence features, seismic data frequency bands and signal to noise ratio and other factors, the design of fault models, the use of sound waves The equation simulates the wave field of the low-order fault, and after the prestack depth migration, the law of low-order faults on the migration profile and slice is discussed. The results show that under different data quality and different geological conditions, Fault limit.The research results are of great significance for the correct discrimination of the low-order faults and the improvement of the reliability of the fault detection methods.