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目的：通过检测城乡中学生乙肝表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ），概括了解二者之间乙肝感染率的差异。方法：根据流行病学调查原则，随机整群抽样取市内和县城远郊的各一所学校的全体中学生，采清晨空腹血３ｍｌ，用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测。结果：总感染率为１９．４％，城乡感染率分别为１３．８％和２５．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。城乡男女生感染率分别为１４．１％、１３．４％和２９．１％、１８．４％。结论：乡镇男女生之间，以及城乡二者的男生之间，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）；但城市的男女生之间、以及城乡二者的女生之间，差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。
Objective: To detect the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in urban and rural middle school students and summarize the difference of HBV infection rate between them. Methods: According to the principles of epidemiological investigation, random cluster sampling was taken in the city and county suburbs of a school in all secondary school students, taking morning fasting blood 3ml, with ELISA test. Results: The total infection rate was 19.4%, urban and rural infection rates were 13.8% and 25.1% (P <0.01). The prevalence rates of boys and girls in urban and rural areas were 14.1%, 13.4% and 29.1%, respectively, and 18.4%. Conclusion: There is significant difference between boys and girls in town and between boys and girls in urban and rural areas (P <0.01), but there is no significant difference between boys and girls in city and girls in both urban and rural areas (P> 0.05).