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小黑麦(Triticale)是由小麦(Triticum)与黑麦(Secale)经属间远缘杂交育成的异源多倍体。由于小麦亲本不同可分为异源八倍体和异源六倍体小黑麦。按其生态属性又可分春性和冬性两大类型。它是植物育种学家创造的新物种。它综合了小麦和黑麦两者的优点,丰产性、抗病性及营养价值均较高,特别是抗旱性是其它麦类作物无可比拟的。在我国干旱严重的山西五寨县、贵州威宁县和高寒阴湿的宁夏泾源县及丛矮病严重的内蒙古呼伦贝尔盟等地试种均获成功。在宁夏固原地区试种,产量高于小麦,且营养价值、饲料转化率高。因此小黑麦可能为发展旱作农业开辟一条新的途径。
Triticale is a heterologous polyploid derived from distantly crossed hybrids between Triticum and Secale. Due to the different wheat parents can be divided into heterokaryon and heterologous hexaploid tritium. According to their ecological properties can be divided into two major types of spring and winter. It is a new species created by plant breeders. It combines the advantages of both wheat and rye, high yield, disease resistance and nutritional value are high, especially the drought resistance is unmatched by other wheat crops. Success has been made in such endeavors as Wuzhai County in Shanxi Province, Weining County in Guizhou Province, Jingyuan County in Ningxia Province with heavy aridity and droughts and the Hulun Buir League in Inner Mongolia with severe dwarf disease. In Ningxia Guyuan trial planting, yield higher than wheat, and nutritional value, feed conversion rate. Triticale may therefore open up a new avenue for the development of dry farming.