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通过采用粉末冶金和原位合成技术相结合的近净成形技术制备Al-5%Si-Al2O3复合材料,并运用M-2000摩擦磨损试验机对该复合材料的摩擦磨损性能进行研究。通过单一变量比较法分析载荷和滑动速度对Al-5%Si-Al2O3复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,同时对长时间连续磨损下该材料的摩擦性能进行研究。通过扫描电子显微镜对Al-5%Si-Al2O3复合材料的磨损表面进行观察,并分析其磨损机制。结果表明,随着载荷的增大,试样的磨损量和摩擦因数均增加;随着滑动速度的增大,试样表面的升温使得产生氧化层的速率增加,试样的磨损量和摩擦因数均减少。在长时间的连续磨损过程中,由于初始时发生粘着磨损,试样的摩擦因数随着滑动距离的增大而增大。然后,试样表面氧化层的形成和破坏趋于动态平衡,试样表面相对稳定,其摩擦因数也随之趋于平稳。铝基复合材料的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损。
The Al-5% Si-Al2O3 composite was prepared by a near-net-shape technique combining powder metallurgy and in situ synthesis. The friction and wear properties of the composites were investigated by M-2000 friction and wear tester. The friction and wear properties of Al-5% Si-Al 2 O 3 composites were analyzed by single variable comparison method. The friction properties of the Al-5% Si-Al 2 O 3 composites were also studied. The wear surface of Al-5% Si-Al2O3 composite was observed by scanning electron microscope, and its wear mechanism was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of load, the amount of wear and the friction factor increase. With the increase of the sliding velocity, the temperature of the sample surface increases the rate of the oxide layer. The amount of wear and the friction coefficient Are reduced. In the continuous wear process for a long time, due to the initial occurrence of adhesive wear, the friction coefficient increases with the sliding distance increases. Then, the formation and destruction of the oxide layer on the sample surface tends to be dynamically balanced, the surface of the sample is relatively stable, and the friction coefficient tends to be stable. The wear mechanism of aluminum matrix composites is mainly abrasive wear, adhesive wear and oxidation wear.