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采用高效液相色谱—质谱法对芸薹属中红叶芥菜、紫红色大白菜、红菜薹、紫色白菜和紫结球甘蓝新鲜叶片所含花青素苷含量和组成进行鉴定。结果表明,这些蔬菜中花青素苷主要组分为矢车菊素苷,兼有少量的飞燕草素苷和矮牵牛素苷。红叶芥菜、紫红色大白菜、紫色白菜和红菜薹中均含有矢车菊–3–p–香豆酰–丙二酰–葡萄糖苷–5–葡萄糖苷、矢车菊–3–阿魏酰–丙二酰–槐糖苷–5–葡萄糖苷和矢车菊–3–芥子酰–阿魏酰–槐糖苷–5–丙二酰–葡萄糖苷,分别达到总量的46.51%、56.04%、46.38%和68.96%。紫结球甘蓝主要花青素苷成分为矢车菊–3–芥子酰–槐糖苷–5–葡萄糖苷,矢车菊–3–槐糖苷–5–葡萄糖苷和矢车菊–3–p–香豆酰–槐糖苷–5–葡萄糖苷,分别达到总量的41.87%、20.58%和16.02%。花青素苷含量最高的是红叶芥菜,为719.04μg·g-1 FW;其次是紫红色大白菜,为604.03μg·g-1 FW;第三是紫结球甘蓝,为264.96μg·g-1 FW;最低的是红菜薹和紫色白菜,分别为219.07和130.02μg·g-1 FW。紫红色大白菜中检测到2种特有的矢车菊素苷和1种矮牵牛素苷。
The content and composition of anthocyanin contained in Brassica fresh leaves of mustard, magenta, cabbage, purple cabbage and purple cabbage were identified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that the main components of anthocyanins in these vegetables are cyanidin, with a small amount of delphinidin and petunoside. Red leaf mustard, purple Chinese cabbage, purple cabbage and red cabbage semen contain cornflower-3-p-coumaroyl-malonyl-glucoside-5-glucoside, cornflower -3-- - malonyl-sophoroglycoside-5-glucoside and cyanidin-3-mustardyl-feruloyl-sophoroglycan-5-malonyl-glucoside, respectively reached 46.51%, 56.04%, 46.38 % And 68.96%. The main components of anthocyanin in purple cabbage are cyanidin-3-glucuronide-5-glucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside-5-glucoside and cyanidin-3-p- Coumaroyl-Sophoroglycoside-5-glucoside, respectively, reached 41.87%, 20.58% and 16.02% of the total respectively. Anthocyanin content is the highest leaf mustard, 719.04μg · g-1 FW; followed by the purple Chinese cabbage was 604.03μg · g-1 FW; the third is purple cabbage, 264.96μg · g- 1 FW; the lowest was the flowering Chinese cabbage and purple cabbage, which were 219.07 and 130.02 μg · g-1 FW, respectively. Two endemic cyanidin and one petunidin were detected in purple Chinese cabbage.