论文部分内容阅读
目的了解社区居民消毒知识、态度、行为情况。方法采用多阶段等比例分层整群抽样方法抽取北京市西城区北片943名18~79岁常住居进行消毒知识-态度-行为面访问卷调查。结果消毒知识方面,社区居民家中异味、猫狗尸体、出现蟑螂等的处理方式知晓率分别为3.8%、12.4%、26.3%;8道题目的平均知识得分为(4.01±1.32)分,专业技术人员的平均得分高于其他职业人员(t=6.207,P=0.000),文化程度越高者平均得分越高(t=-4.404,P=0.000);消毒态度方面,社区居民对于“家庭进行预防性消毒必要性”、“重大疫情时是否愿意使用消毒剂”及“是否愿意接受专业人员现场消毒指导”的态度,认为必要/愿意的比例分别为89.8%、98.4%和89.4%;消毒行为方面,社区居民关注消毒剂标签者占90.1%,且女性高于男性(χ2=7.165,P=0.007);消毒剂使用时采取防护措施者占73.4%,且低年龄组、专业技术人员及文化程度高者采取措施的比例高(χ2=4.036、7.827、12.028,P<0.05);专业人员曾到病家进行现场消毒及指导的比例仅为9.5%。结论社区居民的消毒知识欠缺,应加大社区消毒知识宣传力度,开展各种形式的健康教育与健康促进活动,促进正确消毒行为的形成。
Objective To understand the disinfection knowledge, attitude and behavior of community residents. Methods A total of 943 permanent residents ranging in age from 18 to 79 years from the north of Xicheng District in Beijing were enrolled in this study. The questionnaires of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of disinfection were extracted by multistage equal proportion stratified cluster sampling. Results In terms of disinfection knowledge, the awareness rates of odor, cats and dogs, and cockroaches in community residents were 3.8%, 12.4% and 26.3%, respectively. The average knowledge score of 8 items was (4.01 ± 1.32) points, (T = 6.207, P = 0.000). The higher the education level, the higher the average score (t = -4.404, P = 0.000). For the disinfection attitude, the community residents conducted “ Necessity of Preventive Disinfection ”,“ Whether or not we are willing to use disinfectant when major epidemic situation is ”and“ Are we willing to accept field disinfection guidance from professionals? ”, And we think 89.8% and 98.4% of the necessary / willing ratio respectively 89.4%. In terms of disinfection behavior, 90.1% of community residents were concerned about disinfectant labels, and women were higher than men (χ2 = 7.165, P = 0.007); 73.4% of them took protective measures while using disinfectants, (Χ2 = 4.036, 7.827, 12.028, P <0.05). Only 9.5% of the professionals went to hospital for disinfection and guidance on the spot. Conclusion There is a lack of disinfection knowledge among community residents. Publicity of community disinfection knowledge should be intensified to promote various forms of health education and health promotion activities and promote the formation of correct disinfection behaviors.