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●概念：
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，不是表示客观存在的事实，因此虚拟语气常用在含有非真实条件从句的主从复合句中。虚拟语气是通过句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表示的。所以掌握虚拟语气所使用的各种谓语动词的变化形式是学习虚拟语气的关键。
●虚拟语气在条件句中的用法：
虚拟语气条件句是用谓语动词的特殊形式来表示与现在、过去事实相反的情况或对将来发生的情况表示猜测。虚拟语气条件句中所用的谓语动词的过去式、过去分词等只表示不同的虚拟情况，与陈述语气的过去时、过去完成时等不同。虚拟语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式如下：
1. 表示与现在事实相反的情况
If I had more time, I would study Japanese.
如果我有更多的时间，我就学日语。(事实是：我现在没有更多的时间，因此我没有学日语。)
If she were not so busy, she would come here with me.
要是她不那么忙，她就和我一起来这里了。(事实是：她很忙，无法来这里。)
If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.
如果你早点睡觉，早晨就不会这么困了。(事实是：你经常晚睡，所以早上很困。)
2. 表示与过去事实相反的情况
I would have bought that storybook if I had money with me yesterday.
如果昨天我身上有钱，我就买了那本故事书。(事实是：昨天我身上没有钱，所以就没买那本故事书。)
If you had worked hard, you wouldn’t have failed the exam.
如果你以前用功，你就不至于考试不及格了。(事实是：你之前没用功，所以考试失败了。)
He would have gone to bed if he had finished doing his homework in time.
假如他及时做完了作业，他早就上床睡觉了。(事实是：由于作业没及时完成，所以他没有去睡觉。)
3. 表示与将来事实相反的情况
If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.
如果明天下雨，我们的野餐就会推迟。(从句中谓语动词用过去式，表示说话人认为“下雨”的可能性不大)
●注意事项：
当从句的谓语动词用过去式时，无论主语是什么人称，be动词的过去式一般用were。
主句谓语动词中的would可根据情况由should（用于第一人称），could或might替换。
●课堂练习：
请用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. If I come, I _____ (see) you.
2. If it is fine tomorrow, we _____ (go) for a walk.
3. If it rained, they _____ (stay) at home.
4. You will spoil it if you _____ (not be) careful.
5. We would be very much pleased if you _____ (come).
6. Will you help me if I _____ (need) you?
7. They will get wet if it _____ (rain).
8. What a pity!I haven’t got my car. If I had, I _____ (take) you to the airport.
9. We would answer if we _____ (can).
10. If you eat too much, you _____ (get) ill.
Key: 1. will see2. will go3. would stay4. are not5. came6. need
7. rains8. would take9. could10. will get
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，不是表示客观存在的事实，因此虚拟语气常用在含有非真实条件从句的主从复合句中。虚拟语气是通过句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表示的。所以掌握虚拟语气所使用的各种谓语动词的变化形式是学习虚拟语气的关键。
●虚拟语气在条件句中的用法：
虚拟语气条件句是用谓语动词的特殊形式来表示与现在、过去事实相反的情况或对将来发生的情况表示猜测。虚拟语气条件句中所用的谓语动词的过去式、过去分词等只表示不同的虚拟情况，与陈述语气的过去时、过去完成时等不同。虚拟语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式如下：
1. 表示与现在事实相反的情况
If I had more time, I would study Japanese.
如果我有更多的时间，我就学日语。(事实是：我现在没有更多的时间，因此我没有学日语。)
If she were not so busy, she would come here with me.
要是她不那么忙，她就和我一起来这里了。(事实是：她很忙，无法来这里。)
If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.
如果你早点睡觉，早晨就不会这么困了。(事实是：你经常晚睡，所以早上很困。)
2. 表示与过去事实相反的情况
I would have bought that storybook if I had money with me yesterday.
如果昨天我身上有钱，我就买了那本故事书。(事实是：昨天我身上没有钱，所以就没买那本故事书。)
If you had worked hard, you wouldn’t have failed the exam.
如果你以前用功，你就不至于考试不及格了。(事实是：你之前没用功，所以考试失败了。)
He would have gone to bed if he had finished doing his homework in time.
假如他及时做完了作业，他早就上床睡觉了。(事实是：由于作业没及时完成，所以他没有去睡觉。)
3. 表示与将来事实相反的情况
If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.
如果明天下雨，我们的野餐就会推迟。(从句中谓语动词用过去式，表示说话人认为“下雨”的可能性不大)
●注意事项：
当从句的谓语动词用过去式时，无论主语是什么人称，be动词的过去式一般用were。
主句谓语动词中的would可根据情况由should（用于第一人称），could或might替换。
●课堂练习：
请用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. If I come, I _____ (see) you.
2. If it is fine tomorrow, we _____ (go) for a walk.
3. If it rained, they _____ (stay) at home.
4. You will spoil it if you _____ (not be) careful.
5. We would be very much pleased if you _____ (come).
6. Will you help me if I _____ (need) you?
7. They will get wet if it _____ (rain).
8. What a pity!I haven’t got my car. If I had, I _____ (take) you to the airport.
9. We would answer if we _____ (can).
10. If you eat too much, you _____ (get) ill.
Key: 1. will see2. will go3. would stay4. are not5. came6. need
7. rains8. would take9. could10. will get