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为消除葡萄东西行向种植双膜覆盖越冬膜上雪被不足的顾虑,2014—2015年冬季在新疆阜康进行了东西向、南北向膜下和土埋的温度逐日观测。结果表明,寒冷期最低温度东西向较高。整个冬季东西向有大于土埋的补偿温度,而南北向是低于土埋的亏缺温度。在-25.6℃的最低气温日,东西向是-3.0℃、南北向-5.4℃、土埋-4.6℃。经推算,在-37℃极端最低气温时,分别是-9.6℃、-13.6℃、-10.4℃。两种行向都经得住极端最低气温和长期低温的酷寒,东西向好于南北向。最高温度、平均温度也是东西向较高,温差则反之。10℃萌发生长的日期东西向比土埋提前37天,南北向提前35天。东西向还较南北向高产优质,生长旺盛。东西向因为优越的光照条件,可不再担忧雪被不足的问题。若采用篱架式南北向栽培,双膜越冬也是安全可靠的。
In order to eliminate the problem of lack of snow on the overwintering film for planting double-film covering east-west line of grapes, winter and winter in 2014-2015 were observed east-west and north-south under film and soil burial temperature daily observation. The results show that the minimum temperature in the cold period is higher from east to west. There is a compensation temperature greater than the buried soil in the east-west winter, and the deficit temperature lower than the buried soil in the north-south direction. At the lowest temperature of -25.6 ℃, the east-west direction is -3.0 ℃, the north-south direction is -5.4 ℃, and the soil is buried at -4.6 ℃. It is estimated that at -37 ℃ extreme minimum temperature, respectively, -9.6 ℃, -13.6 ℃, -10.4 ℃. Both directions are able to withstand the extreme minimum temperature and long-term low temperature of the cold, things better than north-south. The maximum temperature, the average temperature is higher east-west, the temperature difference is vice versa. The date of germination and growth at 10 ℃ is 37 days earlier than that of soil burial and 35 days ahead of north-south. East-West is also more than North-South high yield and quality, strong growth. East-West because of the superior lighting conditions, you can no longer worry about the snow is insufficient. If the use of hedge-type north-south cultivation, double film is safe and reliable winter.