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目的了解广州地区无偿献血者梅毒感染状况,确定梅毒感染低危人群,为安全输血提供有效的预防措施。方法选择广州地区2005-2009年无偿献血者梅毒筛查数据进行分析。梅毒血清学筛查试验采用ELISA试验,梅毒血清学筛查阳性标本采用TPPA试验确认。结果 1226507例无偿献血者中梅毒阳性率为0.45%。其中单位员工、大专院校学生、流动人员和其他献血人员(包括无偿机采成分献血者)梅毒抗体阳性率分别为0.44%、0.14%、0.69%、0.29%;年龄在20～39岁梅毒抗体阳性献血者5126例,占梅毒抗体阳性者的93.4%;梅毒阳性率不同年龄和职业分布差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各年份无偿献血者中梅毒抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论广州地区2005-2009年无偿献血人群梅毒感染率保持相对稳定水平,无明显上升趋势。大专院校学生和单位员工为梅毒感染低危人群,可作为主要献血人群,发展献血者队伍。采供血部门应加强对流动人员的无偿献血筛查工作,以保证血液安全。
Objective To understand the status of syphilis infection in unpaid blood donors in Guangzhou and to identify the low-risk population of syphilis infection so as to provide effective preventive measures for safe blood transfusion. Methods The screening data of 2005-2009 syphilis in Guangzhou were analyzed. Syphilis serological screening test using ELISA test, serological test of syphilis positive specimens confirmed by TPPA test. Results The positive rate of syphilis in 1226507 unpaid blood donors was 0.45%. The positive rates of syphilis antibodies among unit employees, college students, migrant workers and other blood donors (including blood donors) were 0.44%, 0.14%, 0.69% and 0.29%, respectively. Syphilis antibodies of 20-39 years old 5126 positive donors, accounting for 93.4% of syphilis antibody positive; syphilis positive rate of different age and occupational distribution differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of syphilis antibodies among the unpaid blood donors in all years (P> 0.05). Conclusion The syphilis infection rate in 2005-2009 in Guangzhou donated blood remained relatively stable, with no obvious upward trend. Students and units of tertiary institutions are syphilis infected with low-risk groups, as the main blood donors, the development of blood donors team. Blood collection and supply departments should strengthen the blood donation screening of mobile workers to ensure blood safety.