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十五大关于股份制和股份合作制的论述,澄清了一些重大的理论是非,我们必须正确认识和全面把握。股份制是商品经济发展到一定阶段的产物,是社会化大生产对资本社会化的客观要求,是资本市场化的必然结果。作为一种企业的财产组织形式,股份制本身不具有社会制度属性,既不能把它等同于私有制,也不能把它直接说成是公有制。资本主义广泛利用股份制实现资产所有权和企业经营权的分离,提高了企业和资本的运作效率。社会主义同样也可以这么做。如果要确定股份制的经济属性,则关键就看控股权掌握在谁的手中。控股权掌握在私人资本手中,它就具有资本主义经济性质,就可以成为资本主义基本经济制度的一个要素;控股权是社会主义公有企业掌握的,它就成了公有制经济的一种实现形式,就是社会主义经济基础的组成部分。
The discussion about the joint-stock system and the joint-stock cooperation system of the 15th National Congress clarified some major theories of right and wrong and we must correctly understand and fully grasp it. The joint-stock system is the product of the development of the commodity economy to a certain stage, an objective requirement of the socialization of capital for socialized mass production and an inevitable result of the marketization of capital. As a form of property organization of enterprises, the shareholding system itself does not have the property of social system. It can neither equate it with private ownership nor directly declare it as public ownership. Capitalism makes extensive use of the shareholding system to separate ownership of assets from management of enterprises, and improves the operational efficiency of enterprises and capital. Socialism can do the same. If you want to determine the economic nature of the shareholding system, the key depends on the controlling shareholder of the hands of whom. Controlling ownership in the hands of private capital, it possesses the nature of capitalist economy and can become an essential element of the capitalist basic economic system. The controlling right, which is owned by the socialist public-owned enterprises, has become a form of realization of the public-owned economy. It is an integral part of the socialist economic foundation.