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氮肥入土后与土壤各组分相互作用过程中所表现的性质,如被土壤吸附,经受淋失,挥发,硝化和反硝化等,都是它的农业化学性质。碳酸氢铵虽然易于分解挥发,贮运施用不便,但室内模拟试验证实,碳铵与硫铵及尿素相比,易被土壤吸附,不易遭受淋失,入土后挥发锐减,硝化速率则相似。故只要因势利导,采用深施方法,碳铵的田间肥效可相似于其他氮肥。碳铵、硫铵和尿素在不同土壤上的挥发历程可用乘方回归方程y=Ax~b模拟,初始挥发量(毫克N/小时)和回归常数A的相关达显著平准;在不同土壤上的硝化历程,可用指数回归方程y=Ac~(B)x模拟,三种氮肥在同一土壤上的初始硝化%和回归常数A,B值均极近似,但在不同土壤上的差异较大,说明氮肥入土后的硝化速率主要取决于土壤性质。
The properties of nitrogen fertilizer after its interaction with soil components, such as soil adsorption, leaching, volatilization, nitrification and denitrification, are all agrochemical properties. Although ammonium bicarbonate is easily decomposed and volatilized, it is inconvenient to store and transport it. However, indoor simulation tests show that ammonium bicarbonate is more easily adsorbed on soil than ammonium sulfate and urea and less susceptible to leaching. Therefore, as long as the circumstances lead, the use of deep application methods, ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer in the field can be similar to other nitrogen fertilizers. The volatilization course of ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulphate and urea on different soils can be simulated by the power regression equation y = Ax ~ b. The correlation between the initial volatilities (mg N / h) and the regression constants A is significant; in different soils The nitrification process can be simulated by the exponential regression equation y = Ac ~ (B) x. The initial nitrification percentages and the regression constants A and B values of the three nitrogen fertilizers on the same soil are very similar, but they differ greatly in different soils. Nitrification rate after nitrification is mainly determined by soil properties.