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目的:调查西安市中学生人群中眩晕的分布情况及相关因素,为制订防治策略提供科学依据。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样法对西安市中学生进行问卷调查,耳科查体及听力学检查,数据用SPSS15.0统计软件处理。结果:共调查1567例,男793例(50.6%),女774例(49.4%),平均年龄(15.7±1.4)岁。中学生人群中眩晕的总体患病率为5.6%;女生患病率为6.5%,男生患病率为4.7%,男女患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MP3/MP4使用、失眠、耳疾史及耳毒性药物应用史是眩晕的危险因素,OR值分别为2.837、5.582、2.808和1.695。结论:眩晕可影响中学生的学习和生活,其发生与多种因素有关,有必要进行该方面的防治研究。
Objective: To investigate the distribution and related factors of vertigo in the middle school students in Xi’an, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the middle school students in Xi’an. The physical examination and audiology were performed. The data were processed by SPSS15.0 statistical software. Results: A total of 1567 cases were investigated, 793 (50.6%) were male, 774 (49.4%) were female and the mean age was (15.7 ± 1.4) years old. The overall prevalence rate of dizziness in middle school students was 5.6%. The prevalence rate of girls was 6.5% and the prevalence rate of boys was 4.7%. There was no significant difference between male and female prevalence (P> 0.05). The history of application of MP3 / MP4, insomnia, ear diseases and ototoxicity were risk factors for vertigo. The OR values were 2.837, 5.582, 2.808 and 1.695 respectively. Conclusion: Vertigo can affect the learning and life of middle school students, and its occurrence is related to many factors. It is necessary to carry out prevention and control research in this aspect.