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一、序论韩国近代史上的历史性课题是如何建设自主独立的近代国家。19世纪中期,韩国社会对外受到资本主义列强的侵略;对内受到以农民为主的民众掀起的解决封建社会矛盾的冲击。如此体制改革及建设国民国家相关联要求等多重压力,韩国的传统社会体系面临了深刻的挑战。列强的要求是把原来的闭锁的社会体系转变成开放的社会体系;以农民为主的新兴社会阶层,是要求废除封建式的两班体制;确立平等的社会关系。
I. Preface The historic issue of modern history in South Korea is how to build an independent and independent modern country. In the mid-19th century, South Korean society was aggression by the capitalist powers on the outside; internally it was challenged by peasants as the mainstay to solve the contradictions in the feudal society. Under such multiple pressures as institutional reform and the building of a nation-state, the traditional social system in Korea is facing profound challenges. The strong demand is to turn the original closed social system into an open social system. The emerging social class dominated by peasants requires the abolition of the feudal two-class system and the establishment of equal social relations.