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目的了解三元区近年手足口病的流行特征,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对三元区2010—2015年的手足口病资料进行分析。结果三元区2010—2015年共报告手足口病1 295例,年均发病率109.86/10万,重症6例,无死亡病例。病例中,年龄≤5岁占94.4%,重症的6例均<3岁;病例以散居儿童为主(64.2%),其次是幼托儿童(32.5%)和学生(2.6%);男性发病率较高;城市发病率高于农村;发病主要在4~6月和9~10月,呈双峰分布。病例经临床诊断1 131例(87.3%),实验室诊断164例(12.7%)。阳性标本中,CoxA16占23.8%(39例),EV71占29.9%(49例),其他肠道病毒占46.3%(76例)。结论手足口病有明显的季节性和人群分布,应做好重点地区、重点人群和重点季节的防控,防止聚集性疫情发生。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sanyuanqu in recent years and provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze HFMD data from 2010-2015 in the ternary area. Results A total of 1 295 HFMD cases were reported in Sanyuan District from 2010 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 109.86 / 100 000, severe cases of 6 cases and no deaths. Among the cases, 94.4% were below 5 years of age and 6 were all critically ill. The majority of cases were scattered children (64.2%), followed by kindergarten children (32.5%) and students (2.6%). The incidence of males Higher; the incidence rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas; the incidence was mainly in April-June and September-October, showing a bimodal distribution. A total of 1 131 cases (87.3%) were diagnosed clinically and 164 cases (12.7%) were laboratory diagnosed. Among the positive samples, CoxA16 accounted for 23.8% (39 cases), EV71 accounted for 29.9% (49 cases) and other enteroviruses accounted for 46.3% (76 cases). Conclusion Hand, foot and mouth disease is obviously seasonal and population distribution, prevention and control should be done in key areas, key populations and key seasons, to prevent the occurrence of aggregation epidemic.