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目的研究妊娠期补充维生素E对受手机辐射后产生损伤的母鼠及胎鼠脑组织的保护作用。方法 40只清洁级受孕大鼠随机分为5组(阳性对照组,阴性对照组,维生素E低、中、高剂量组)。自妊娠第1天起,维生素E低、中、高剂量组孕鼠分别按5、15和30mg/ml的剂量补充维生素E花生油溶液,阴性对照组和阳性对照组灌服脱维生素E的花生油,同时用辐射频率900MHz手机对阳性对照组和高、中、低剂量组给予1h/次,3次/d的手机辐射处理,连续辐射21d。分娩后取胎鼠右侧海马组织电镜观察胎鼠脑组织中海马区神经细胞损害程度。测定孕鼠及胎鼠脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果与阴性对照组相比,阳性对照组胎鼠脑组织中可见神经元、神经胶质细胞线粒体肿胀,毛细血管周围轻微水肿,核染色质浓缩、边集,血管内皮细胞有空泡形成。中、高剂量组神经细胞和毛细血管异常现象不如阳性对照组的明显。高剂量组神经元可见核染色质均匀,胞质内富含线粒体、粗面内质网和大量的游离核糖体。全部切片未见神经细胞凋亡。在抗氧化酶活性实验中,阳性对照组与阴性对照组相比,母鼠和胎鼠脑组织中SOD、GSH-Px活性明显降低,MDA的含量显著升高,且均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与阳性对照组相比较,维生素各剂量组的胎鼠脑组织中SOD、GSH-Px的活性均升高,且中、高剂量组MDA含量均降低。高剂量组母鼠脑组织中SOD、GSH-Px的活性明显升高,MDA含量明显降低(P<0.05)。中剂量组母鼠脑组织中SOD的含量较阳性对照组亦有明显升高(P<0.05)。并且随着剂量的增加SOD、GSH-Px的活性具有升高的趋势,MDA含量有下降的趋势。结论在一定的剂量下,维生素E对手机辐射所致胎鼠海马区神经细胞和毛细血管异常具有一定的保护作用,对孕鼠及胎鼠脑组织所产生的抗氧化系统的损害具有保护作用。
Objective To study the protective effect of vitamin E supplementation during pregnancy on the brain tissue of female and fetus rats damaged by radiation of mobile phone. Methods Forty clean pregnant rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (positive control group, negative control group, low, medium and high doses of vitamin E). From the first day of gestation, the vitamin E low, medium and high dose groups of pregnant rats were treated with vitamin E peanut oil solution at doses of 5, 15 and 30 mg / ml respectively. The negative control group and the positive control group were given vitamin E peanut oil, At the same time, the radiofrequency 900MHz cellphone was used to treat the positive control group and the high, medium and low dose groups for 1h / time and 3 times / d for radiation for 21 days. After delivery, the damage of hippocampal neurons in the fetal rat brain was observed by electron microscopy in the right hippocampus of fetal rats after delivery. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the brain of pregnant mice and fetal rats were measured. Results Compared with the negative control group, neurons, glial mitochondria swelling, slight edema around the capillaries, nuclear chromatin condensation, edge aggregation and vascularization of vascular endothelial cells were found in the brain tissue of the positive control group. The neuronal and capillary abnormalities in the medium and high dose groups were not as obvious as those in the positive control group. High-dose group of neurons visible nuclear chromatin uniform, the cytoplasm is rich in mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum and a large number of free ribosomes. No nerve cell apoptosis in all sections. Compared with the negative control group, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the brain tissue of the maternal and fetal rats were significantly decreased and the contents of MDA were significantly increased in the anti-oxidative enzyme activity test (P <0.05). Compared with the positive control group, the activity of SOD and GSH-Px in the brain tissue of fetal rats in each dose of vitamin groups were increased, and the content of MDA in the medium and high dose groups was decreased. The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the brain tissue of high-dose group were significantly increased, MDA content was significantly decreased (P <0.05). Compared with the positive control group, the content of SOD in the middle dose group also increased significantly (P <0.05). And with the increase of the dose of SOD, GSH-Px activity has an increasing trend, MDA content has a downward trend. Conclusions Vitamin E can protect neurons and capillaries in the hippocampus induced by cellphone radiation at a certain dose and protect the anti-oxidative system produced by the pregnant rat and fetal rat brain tissue.