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一、问题的提出从20世纪80年代中后期开始,农民负担问题逐渐演变为中国社会最突出最尖锐最急迫的焦点问题。进入21世纪初,国家在解决“三农”问题上出现了重大转机。从2004年开始,随着农业税的取消以及粮食直补等一系列惠农政策的出台,中国农民负担过重的问题得到了历史性缓解。以社会主义新农村建设的推行为标志,中国农村进入了一个新的发展时期。为建设社会主义新农村,国家明确提出要贯彻落实科学发展观,统筹城乡发展,实行“工业反哺农业、城市支持农村”和“多予少取放活”的方针,着力破除城乡二元结构,加快形成城乡经济社会发展一体化新格局。在这种发展情势下,农民负
I. PROBLEM PROBLEMS Beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s, farmers’ burden gradually evolved into one of the most prominent and urgent issues in Chinese society. At the beginning of the 21st century, the state has seen a major turnaround in resolving the issue of “three agricultural issues.” Beginning in 2004, with the introduction of a series of preferential agricultural policies such as the abolition of agricultural taxes and the direct subsidy of grain, the peasants’ burden in China has been historically eased. With the implementation of the new socialist countryside construction as a sign, China’s rural areas have entered a new period of development. In order to build a new socialist countryside, the state clearly put forward the need to implement the scientific concept of development, make overall plans for the development of urban and rural areas, and implement the principle of “industry supporting agriculture and urban support for rural areas” and “giving more and lesser liberation and releasing live”, and strive to eliminate urban and rural areas Dual structure, speed up the formation of a new pattern of integration of urban and rural economic and social development. In this kind of development situation, farmers are negative