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子曰。“学而时习之,不亦说乎?有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?人不知而不愠,不亦君子乎?”(《论语·学而》) 这语录是《论语》全书的开端,是历代广为传诵的名言。一般读书人对它是比较熟悉的。现行初中语文课本中规定要讲它,师专中文系(科)的学生也要学它。这则语录文字上並不难,但要真正理解却並非易事。比如,各句话的实际内涵是什么?孔子为什么要这样主张?各句话之间的关系又怎样?这类问题都是前人未及或没有很好解决的,很有深入探讨的必要。
Child. “I learned it when I learned it, why wouldn’t I say it? Have friends come from afar and have a good time? People don’t know what to do but why don’t they even care about it?” (“The Analects of Confucius and Study”) This quotations is the book of the Analects. The beginning is a well-known saying in ancient times. Normal readers are more familiar with it. The current junior high school language textbooks require that it be taught, and students of the Chinese Language Department of the Teachers College must also learn it. This quoting is not difficult to write, but it is not easy to really understand it. For example, what is the actual connotation of each sentence? Why did Confucius claim this? What is the relationship between the various sentences? These types of problems are all unknown or not well solved by the predecessors and are necessary for in-depth exploration.