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为研究西北半干旱区小麦秸秆还田高效利用措施,采用大田模拟试验研究了覆膜和灌溉对小麦秸秆还田后土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:与秸秆不还田(CK)相比,秸秆还田处理均显著增大了土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性。与秸秆还田(S)相比,秸秆还田+覆膜处理(SC)增大了低温时土壤的酶活性,秸秆还田+灌溉处理(SW)对不同还田时期,还田深度10cm和20cm处土壤中的4种酶活性影响显著,均增大了酶活性。土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性总体均以秸秆还田+覆膜+灌溉处理(SCW)的最高。从土壤总体酶活性大小考虑,在西北半干旱地区进行小麦秸秆还田,SCW处理为最佳的还田方式,可显著增大土壤中的酶活性。
In order to study the efficient utilization of wheat straw in the semi-arid area of northwestern China, field experiments were conducted to study the effects of plastic film mulching and irrigation on the soil enzyme activities after returning wheat straw to the soil. The results showed that compared with straw returning to straw (CK), straw returning treatment significantly increased soil invertase, urease, alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities. Compared with straw returning (S), straw returning + plastic filming (SC) increased soil enzyme activity at low temperature. Straw returning + irrigation treatment (SW) The activities of four enzymes in the soil at 20cm were significantly affected, which increased the enzyme activity. The activities of soil invertase, urease, alkaline phosphatase and catalase were the highest with straw returning + filming + irrigation (SCW). Considering the total enzyme activity in soil, wheat straw returning and SCW treatment in the northwest semi-arid area are the best ways to return the soil, which can significantly increase the enzyme activity in the soil.